1 Samuel 6:12

Authorized King James Version

And the kine took the straight way to the way of Beth-shemesh, and went along the highway, lowing as they went, and turned not aside to the right hand or to the left; and the lords of the Philistines went after them unto the border of Beth-shemesh.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִשַּׁ֨רְנָה
took the straight
to be straight or even; figuratively, to be (causatively, to make) right, pleasant, prosperous
#2
הַפָּר֜וֹת
And the kine
a heifer
#3
דֶּ֙רֶךְ֙
to the way
a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb
#4
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#5
דֶּ֙רֶךְ֙
to the way
a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb
#6
בֵּ֣ית
H0
#7
שָֽׁמֶשׁ׃
of Bethshemesh
beth-shemesh, a place in palestine
#8
בִּמְסִלָּ֣ה
the highway
a thoroughfare (as turnpiked), literally or figuratively; specifically a viaduct, a staircase
#9
אַחַ֗ת
properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first
#10
הֹֽלְכִ֣ים
and went along
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#11
הֹֽלְכִ֣ים
and went along
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#12
וְגָע֔וֹ
lowing
to bellow (as cattle)
#13
וְלֹא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#14
סָ֖רוּ
and turned not aside
to turn off (literally or figuratively)
#15
יָמִ֣ין
to the right hand
the right hand or side (leg, eye) of a person or other object (as the stronger and more dexterous); locally, the south
#16
וּשְׂמֹ֑אול
or to the left
properly, dark (as enveloped), i.e., the north; hence (by orientation), the left hand
#17
וְסַרְנֵ֤י
and the lords
an axle
#18
פְלִשְׁתִּים֙
of the Philistines
a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth
#19
הֹֽלְכִ֣ים
and went along
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#20
אַֽחֲרֵיהֶ֔ם
after
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
#21
עַד
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
#22
גְּב֖וּל
them unto the border
properly, a cord (as twisted), i.e., (by implication) a boundary; by extension the territory inclosed
#23
בֵּ֥ית
H0
#24
שָֽׁמֶשׁ׃
of Bethshemesh
beth-shemesh, a place in palestine

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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